Eshkol HaKofer on Ruth is a late 15th-century commentary by Rabbi Abraham Saba, a Spanish scholar expelled from Spain in 1492 and from Portugal in 1497. In the work’s introduction, the author describes how he buried commentaries he wrote on the Torah and the five megillot under an olive tree in Lisbon, Portugal, to avoid the punishment of death decreed on anyone possessing Jewish books or tefillin. After enduring imprisonment and torture in Portugal, he fled to Morocco, where he rewrote from memory at least some of the works that he had abandoned. Eshkol HaKofer combines running commentary on the megillah with analysis of its major themes and topics. It quotes frequently from works of midrash, earlier commentators, and works of Kabbalah.