(א) וַיְדַבֵּ֧ר ה' אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה וְאֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֖ן לֵאמֹ֥ר אֲלֵהֶֽם׃
(1) ה' spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying to them:
וַיְדַבֵּר ה' אֶל משֶׁה וְאֶל אַהֲרֹן לֵאמֹר אֲלֵהֶם (ויקרא יא, א),
רַבִּי פִּנְחָס וְרַבִּי יִרְמְיָה פָּתַח (משלי טו, לא): אֹזֶן שֹׁמַעַת תּוֹכַחַת חַיִּים וגו',
"אֹזֶן שׁוֹמַעַת תּוֹכַחַת חַיִּים", אֵלּוּ בָנָיו שֶׁל אַהֲרֹן.
"בְּקֶרֶב חֲכָמִים תָּלִין", שֶׁהָיוּ בְּצַד הַמִּיתָה זָכוּ וְנִתְיַחֵד הַדִּבּוּר אֲלֵיהֶם וְעַל אֲבִיהֶם וְעַל אֲחִי אֲבִיהֶם בְּחַיֵּיהֶם,
הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (ויקרא י, טז): "וְאֵת שְׂעִיר הַחַטָּאת דָּרשׁ דָּרַשׁ משֶׁה," מַהוּ דָּרשׁ דָּרַשׁ?
שְׁתֵּי דְּרִישׁוֹת: אָמַר לָהֶם אִם שְׁחַטְתֶּם לָמָּה לֹא אֲכַלְתֶּם? אִם לֹא הֱיִיתֶם עֲתִידִין לֶאֱכֹל לָמָּה שְׁחַטְתֶּם?
מִיָּד (ויקרא י, טז): "וַיִּקְצֹף עַל אֶלְעָזָר וְעַל אִיתָמָר"... וְכֵיוָן שֶׁכָּעַס נִתְעַלְּמָה מִמֶּנּוּ הֲלָכָה שֶׁאוֹנֵן אָסוּר לֶאֱכֹל בַּקֳּדָשִׁים...
(ויקרא י, יט): "הֵן הַיּוֹם הִקְרִיבוּ אֶת חַטָּאתָם וְאֶת עֹלָתָם,"
אָמַר לוֹ הַיּוֹם מֵתוּ בָּנַי וְהַיּוֹם אַקְרִיב קָרְבָּן, הַיּוֹם מֵתוּ וְהַיּוֹם אֹכַל בַּקֳּדָשִׁים, מִיָּד דָּרַשׁ אַהֲרֹן קַל וָחוֹמֶר לְמשֶׁה...
מִיָּד (ויקרא י, כ): וַיִּשְׁמַע משֶׁה וַיִּיטַב בְּעֵינָיו, הוֹצִיא כָּרוֹז לְכָל הַמַּחֲנֶה וְאָמַר, אֲנִי טָעִיתִי אֶת הַהֲלָכָה וְאַהֲרֹן אָחִי בָּא וְלִמֵּד לִי.
אֶלְעָזָר יָדַע אֶת הַהֲלָכָה וְשָׁתַק, אִיתָמָר יָדַע אֶת הַהֲלָכָה וְשָׁתַק, זָכוּ וְנִתְיַחֵד הַדִּבּוּר עֲלֵיהֶם וְעַל אֲבִיהֶם וְעַל אֲחִי אֲבִיהֶם בְּחַיֵּיהֶם,
הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב: "וַיְדַבֵּר ה' אֶל משֶׁה וְאֶל אַהֲרֹן לֵאמֹר אֲלֵהֶם", תָּנֵי רַבִּי חִיָּיא "לֵאמֹר אֲלֵהֶם", לַבָּנִים לְאֶלְעָזָר וְאִיתָמָר.
ה' spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying to them
Rabbi Pinchas & Rabbi Yermiya expounded on the verse: "He whose ear heeds the discipline of life..."
"He whose ear heeds the discipline of life" are the sons of Aaron.
"Lodges among the wise" because they were deserving of death but then they merited and were able to be spoken to by Hashem with their father and father's brother in their life.
This is what is written, "Then Moses inquired about the goat of sin offering" What did he inquire about?
2 inquiries: he said to them, if you slaughtered it, why didn't you eat it? if you weren't planning on eating it, why did you slaughter it?
Immediately, "He was angry with Eleazar and Itamar"... and since he got angry he forgot the halacha that an onein is forbidden from eating kodshim ...
"See, this day they brought their sin offering and their burnt offering before ה'"
He said to them, today my sons died and today I gave an offering, today my sons died and today you should eat kodshim,
Immediately, Aaron presented a kal v'chomer to Moshe.
Immediately, "And when Moses heard this, he approved." He gathered the entire camp and said, I made a mistake and Aaron my brother came and taught me.
Elazar knew the halacha but he remained silent, Itamar knew the halacha but he remained silent, they merited and were able to be spoken to by Hashem with their father and father's brother in their life.
This is what is written: "Hashem spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying to them", Rabbi Chiya taught, "saying to them", to the children, to Elazar and Itamar.
(31) He whose ear heeds the discipline of life. Lodges among the wise.
(16) Then Moses inquired about the goat of sin offering, and it had already been burned! He was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron’s remaining sons, and said, (17) “Why did you not eat the sin offering in the sacred area? For it is most holy, and it is what was given to you to remove the guilt of the community and to make expiation for them before ה'. (18) Since its blood was not brought inside the sanctuary, you should certainly have eaten it in the sanctuary, as I commanded.”
(יט) וַיְדַבֵּ֨ר אַהֲרֹ֜ן אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה הֵ֣ן הַ֠יּ֠וֹם הִקְרִ֨יבוּ אֶת־חַטָּאתָ֤ם וְאֶת־עֹֽלָתָם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י ה' וַתִּקְרֶ֥אנָה אֹתִ֖י כָּאֵ֑לֶּה וְאָכַ֤לְתִּי חַטָּאת֙ הַיּ֔וֹם הַיִּיטַ֖ב בְּעֵינֵ֥י ה'׃ (כ) וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע מֹשֶׁ֔ה וַיִּיטַ֖ב בְּעֵינָֽיו׃ {פ}
(19) And Aaron spoke to Moses, “See, this day they brought their sin offering and their burnt offering before ה', and such things have befallen me! Had I eaten sin offering today, would ה' have approved?” (20) And when Moses heard this, he approved.
(ג) אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר חֲנִינָא הַתּוֹכַחַת מְבִיאָה לִידֵי אַהֲבָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: הוֹכַח לְחָכָם וְיֶאֱהָבֶךָּ, הִיא דַּעְתֵּיהּ דְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר חֲנִינָא דְּאָמַר כָּל אַהֲבָה שֶׁאֵין עִמָּהּ תּוֹכָחָה אֵינָהּ אַהֲבָה. אָמַר רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ תּוֹכָחָה מְבִיאָה לִידֵי שָׁלוֹם, וְהוֹכִחַ אַבְרָהָם אֶת אֲבִימֶלֶךְ, הִיא דַּעְתֵּיהּ דְּאָמַר כָּל שָׁלוֹם שֶׁאֵין עִמּוֹ תּוֹכָחָה אֵינוֹ שָׁלוֹם:
Rabbi Yossi bar Hanina said: "Rebuke leads to love, as it says 'Rebuke a wise person and he will love you.'" That is the opinion of Rabbi Yossi bar Hanina who said: "All love that does not include rebuke is not love." Reish Lakish said: "Rebuke leads to peace, [as it says] 'Avraham rebuked Avimelech.'" That is his opinion who said: "All peace that does not include rebuke is not peace."