Parshah Rabbit Hole - Noach: Broken stars, Teleportation and Circadian Rhythm

(22) So long as the earth endures, seedtime and harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, day and night shall not cease.”

Day and Night etc., did not function etc. The function of the celestial bodies is their orbit, and this is the function that was suspended during the flood...

...However, their was a small amount of light in the world because of the sun that was standing in the sky and shone as it does at dawn.

...Even though they were orbiting around the earth as usual, and even though "day" is normally defined by the rising of the the sun and "night" by its setting, when is this the case? When it is shining. But if it is not shining, then it like any other part of the celestial sphere and there is no day and no night [caused by its rising and setting].

... And Noah and everything that was with him on the ark were not considered remnants [of human civilization and life] on earth. Rather, it was as if they were in a different world and not in this world at all. And this is what is described in the Midrash, that during the entire 12 months [of the flood] the mazalos did not function, because the mazalos are the means through which life force is transmitted into the world. But since at that time the life force Noah and everything that was with him on the ark did not come through the mazalos, therefore there was no transmission through the mazalos at all, and it is considered as though they were not functioning in the world at that time.

According to the opinion that during the entire duration of the flood the whole world was dark, one must say that during those days of darkness, time was was [still] divided into days and nights, and that every 24 hour period was considered a day and night. Since it is clearly written "The rain fell on the earth forty days and forty nights."...

... And we do not say that all of the days of darkness were considered one long night. Therefore, the same is true of those who live in polar regions - for whom there are many days or months in which it is dark - that we certainly consider each 24 hour period as night and day.

It arose in my heart to investigate an idea regarding Shabbos: It is known that the time of night and day change from place to place due to the path of the sun, and that there is a great difference - many hours - between those who dwell in the east and those who dwell in the west and between those who dwell in mountainous regions and those who dwell in valleys - in one place it is day and in another it is night. And when it daylight for some, it is dark for others. Therefore, it is worth exploring [the following scenario]: If one begins Shabbos in a place where sunset is later and - on that same day - they travel, through recitation of a Divine Name and teleportation, to a far away place where sunset is much earlier, and therefore it comes out that rather than experiencing 24 hours of Shabbos, they end up observing 18 hours or less, what should they do? Must they follow the sunset, and once the sun has set it is then a weekday for them, even though they only kept the mitzvos of Shabbos for 18 hours? Or, perhaps they must keep Shabbos for a full 24 hours.

Rebbi Nahman in the name of Rebbi Mana: Miracles happened that day. It was Sabbath eve and all the surrounding towns came together to eulogize him. They made him [Rebbi] rest in eighteen synagogues until they brought him to his resting place but the day extended for them until each one had time to get to his house, fill an amphora of water, and light the candles. When the sun set, the rooster crowed. They were anxious and said, maybe we did desecrate the Sabbath? There came a voice and said to them, every one who was not lazy for the eulogies of Rebbi shall be announced for the life of the Future World, except the fuller. When the latter heard this, he ascended the roof, threw himself down, and died. There came a voice and said, including the fuller.

...However, it appears to me that that night lasted a complete 12 hours, as usual. And the fact that the rooster crowed immediately after sunset, this was because the nature of the rooster is to wait 24 hours from one midnight to the next midnight and then crow. Therefore, the nature that was ingrained in it by the Creator, to crow at midnight - which is 25 hours after the previous midnight - compelled it to crow also on that night after 6 hours, which is the 24th hour from the last time it crowed at midnight on Thursday night.

... However, it seems that there is no logical reason to be doubtful about this. Since we see that in this country we rest on Shabbos, and in another country it is a weekday, at the exact same time that it is Shabbos here. This is because with regard to Shabbos it is written "in all the places you live." Meaning that we act in accordance with the [time of one's current] location...

...And if you would say to someone that they should rest for additional hours during a time which is clearly and certainly a weekday, to complete the 24 hours [of Shabbos], this would be utterly ridiculous. It would be as if someone who did not observe Shabbos on Saturday would try to observe Shabbos on Sunday to make up for Shabbos, which would obviously be silly.

... The time of midnight is an auspicious time above, in every time and place. And even though the days and nights shift according to longitudinal position and the great distances between one country and another from east to west, this is completely insignificant. The same is true for the time for reciting Shema and for prayer, and the time at which Shabbos or Yom Tov begin, which are also determined by the times of day and night in each geographical location (because an auspicious time above, and supernal unifications of Shema and prayer and the sanctity of Shabbos and Yom Tov transcend space and time, but shine below in each place in its appropriate time...)