Joshua ben Perahiah and Nittai the Arbelite received [the oral tradition] from them. Joshua ben Perahiah used to say: appoint for yourself a teacher, and acquire for yourself a companion and judge all people with the scale weighted in their favor.
ואמר וקנה לך חבר זכר אותו בלשון קנייה ולא אמר עשה לך חבר או התחבר לאחרים הכונה בזה שצריך לאדם שיקנה אוהב לעצמו שיתקנו בו מעשיו וכל עניניו כמו שאמרו או חברותא או מיתותא
ואם לא ימצאהו צריך להשתדל בו בכל לבו ואפילו אם יצטרך שימשכנו לאהבתו עד שישוב אוהב ולא יסור מהמשך תמיד אחר רצונו עד שתתחזק אהבתו כמו שיאמרו בעלי המוסר כשתאהב לא תאהב על מדותיך ואמנם תאהב על מדת אהוביך
וכשיכוין כל אחד משני האהובים אל זאת הצואה יהיה כונת כל אחד משניהם להפיק רצון חבירו ויהיה כונת שניהם יחד דבר אחד בלא ספק. ומה טוב מאמר אריסטוטלוס האהוב אחד הוא
והאוהבים ג' מינים אוהב תועלת אוהב מנוחה ואוהב מעלה
אמנם אוהב תועלת כאהבת שני השותפים ואהבת המלך ומחנהו
ואמנם אוהב מנוחה הוא ב' מינים אוהב הנאה ואוהב בטחון
אמנם אוהב הנאה כאהבת הזכרים לנקבות וכיוצא בהם.
ואמנם אוהב בטחון הוא שיהיה לאדם אוהב תבטח נפשו בו לא ישמר ממנו לא במעשה ולא בדבור ויודיעהו כל עניניו הטוב מהם והמגונה מבלתי שירא ממנו שישיגהו בכל זה חסרון לא אצלו ולא זולתו כי כשיגיע לאדם בטחון באיש זה השעור ימצא מנוחה גדולה בדבריו ובאהבתו הרבה.
ואוהב מעלה הוא שיהיה תאות שניהם וכונתם לדבר אחד והוא הטוב וירצה כל אחד להעזר בחבירו בהגיע הטוב ההוא לשניהם יחד וזה האוהב אשר צוה לקנותו והוא כאהבת הרב לתלמיד והתלמיד לרב:
And he said, "acquire for yourself a friend". He said it with an expression of acquisition and he did not say, "Make for yourself a friend," or "Befriend others." The intention of this is that a person must acquire a friend for herself, so that all of her deeds and actions will be refined through this friend, as they said (Taanit 23a), "Either a friend or death."
And if she does not find this friend, she must make efforts for it with all her heart, and even if she must lead another to this friendship, until the person becomes a real friend. And [then] she must never let off from following [her friend's] will, until his friendship is firmed up. [It is] as the masters of ethics say, "When you love, do not love according to your traits; but rather love according to the trait of your friend."
And when each of the friends has the intention to fulfill the will of the other, the intention of both of them will be one without a doubt. And how good is the statement of Aristotle, "The friend is one."
And there are three types of loving relationships: a mutually beneficial relationship, a relationship of mutual ease and a relationship of higher purpose.
Indeed, a mutually beneficial relationship is like the friendship of two [business] partners and the friendship of a king and his subjects;
whereas there are two types of relationship of mutual ease: the relationship of joy and the relationship of security.
Indeed, the relationship of joy is like the friendship of intimate partners and similar to it; whereas the relationship of security is when a person has a friend to whom he can confide his soul. He will not keep anything from him - not in action and not in speech. He'll share all of his affairs-- the good ones and the disgraceful-- without fearing that he'll suffer any loss as a result, not from him or from anyone else. As when a person has such a level of trust in another, he finds great comfort in his words and in his abiding love.
And a relationship of higher purpose is when the desire of both of them and their intention is for one thing, and that is the greater good. And each one wants to be helped by the other in reaching this good for both of them together. And this is the kind of love a person is commanded to acquire; and it is like the love of the teacher for the student and of the student for the teacher.
Questions to Consider
a. Think about a relationship you’re in that is utilitarian (both of you need something from the other), one that gives you a sense of joy and comfort, and one in which you share a higher shared purpose. What depletes you, and what nourishes your spirit?
Dr. Vivek Murthy, Together: The Power of Connection in a Sometimes Lonely World
Three types of lonelinesses
Questions to Consider
a. Does Dr. Murthy’s articulation of relationships that are necessary for us to feel fully connected resonate?
b. What do you see when you compare these three types of relationship to Rambam’s categorization of relationships? Which formulation is more resonant for you?
Invitation To Practice: Meet Your Neighbors (The Amen Effect p.183)
Start by taking a slow walk around the block once a week, checking in with the people who live nearby. It could be the beginning of a friendship, or at the very least will be a way to help you feel more connected to the people in closest proximity to you.